坚定新时代理论自信的几个重大理论问题解析

解放和发展社会生产力是社会主义的本质要求,树立正确历史观、民族观、国家观、文化观（简称“四观”）是促进理想信念教育的关键举措,秉持全球治理观是共商共建共享的国际政治王道理念。弄通这些重大理论问题,才谈得上坚定新时代的理论自信。     

接点治理：论精准扶贫过程中的“村民评议”——对湘西B村的个案研究

作为深入乡土社会的“事件”,精准扶贫触发了国家政权和乡土社会之间的分歧。在数字化治理技术与乡土生活模糊性之间、国家正式权力与农村内生秩序之间、“区分逻辑”与乡土社会“平均主义”之间,两者存在明显差异。面对分歧,农村基层在精准扶贫过程中采取“村民评议”制度形成“接点治理”格局。研究发现,村民评议形成的接点治理主要包括以下治理机制：以熟人社会构成治理的信息机制,以多元主体参与构成治理的权威机制,以协商讨论构成治理的合法化机制。这一制度创造了新型制度场域和治理接点,有利于实现国家政权与乡土社会之间的融合。推进对湘西B村“村民评议”的个案分析,发掘其中的治理机制,完善其中存在的不足,实现从接点分离到接点融合,推进基层社会的有效治理。     

国外城市雨洪管理再认识及其启示

针对近年中国城市雨洪灾害频发、灾害危害严重,以及雨洪管理理念和方法仍在摸索阶段的现实,文章通过横向对比发达国家雨洪管理过程、阶段,探索总结了国外雨洪管理体系的阶段性与多元化、发展历程的过程性和演进性、治理模式的综合性、空间特征的地域趋同性特征,并系统剖析其形成的深层城市发展原因,结合中国的城市实际情况,提出了未来城市雨洪管理可发展方向的思考,认为未来在多尺度水文条件下的雨洪灾害形成内因探索、复杂环境下多要素集成分析、多过程连续的雨洪灾害发生动力机制等方面是研究发展方向之一.     

股票流动性与股价崩盘风险:公司治理和短期行为视角

流动性究竟能够稳定市场还是给市场带来危机？文章从股价崩盘风险的视角,探讨了股票流动性与股价崩盘风险的关系,研究发现:股票流动性促进了股价崩盘风险,因而并没有起到稳定市场的作用.随后,从“治理理论”和“短期行为理论”两个角度对影响机制进行探讨,研究发现:在二职合一、独立董事比例较低、短期机构投资者持股比例较高时,股票流动性对股价崩盘风险的正向影响更加显著.研究结论既丰富了股票流动性及股价崩盘风险的相关文献,也给管理层及上市公司从微观视角认识股价崩盘风险提供新思路及借鉴.     

农民合作社的反脆弱性及其贫困治理能力

农民合作社作为农村发展的重要经济载体,其反脆弱性在农村贫困治理领域具有不可忽视的作用。 在联结农民个体、聚拢闲散资源方面,农民合作社是重要抓手:一方面,通过把单个的农民集合起来,增加农民群体共同抵御社会风险的能力,提高农民群体面对市场经济带来的不确定性和不稳定性的抗逆力;另一方面,农民合作社发挥实体平台作用,将农村较为优良的资源聚集起来,发挥资源整合效应,提高农村优质资源的利用率,提高农产品的市场竞争力,降低农产品的市场交易成本,提高农产品的市场占有率。 文章剖析农民合作社社员在组织能力、管理能力、自我发展能力等方面的反脆弱性,探讨农民合作社在整合经济、社会以及文化等资源方面的反脆弱性发展,进而论述在农村反贫困战略中,农民合作社的贫困治理能力。 农民合作社的反脆弱性,为其参与贫困治理提供了可能性,其反脆弱性发展为农村贫困治理增加了可及性,农民合作社的贫困治理能力日趋提高。     

In Whose Interest? The UN's Strategic Rapprochement with Business in the Sustainable Development Agenda

Following the Rio+20 conference and in anticipation of the end of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations is at the centre of debates on the future of sustainable development. In these debates, the UN Secretariat has positioned transnational corporations as essential and legitimate actors for new sustainable development goals. This policy does not follow a direct mandate from member states. Rather, the UN's rapprochement with business in the ‘Post-2015’ process should be seen as an example of independent decision-making by the organization within the constraints of the current world order. This strategy dates back to the late 1990s and is meant to increase the UN's authority and legitimacy and expand its mandate by making it more relevant to powerful actors in the international arena. The article questions whether the organization's strategy vis-à-vis business is producing the anticipated effects, or rather reveals institutional dysfunction.     

Governing Deviance in Public Space through Mayoral Orders: Fields Mismatch and Metropolitan Turbulence

This article addresses the issue of policy change and its consequences on the organizational field and institutional context, looking at the role of an instrument transfer process. We adopt a political sociology approach to policy instruments to account for the impact that the introduction of a securitarian instrument, the mayoral order, had on the implementation process of a social policy. Through a genealogy of the instrument we identify a constitutive, normative and cognitive dimension. Our aim is to explain the interaction between these institutional dimensions, the re‐definition of the organizational field of the policy, and the dynamics of metropolitan politics. Following a synthesis of the policy process and the institutional arrangements where the policy is implemented, we show how the instrument transfer triggered a division within the organizational field, and the rise of institutional tensions amongst local authorities. In the conclusion, we identify the institutional dimensions of the instruments and the policy implementation scale as elements that are to interact with public‐private relationships and institutional arrangements, and that have an impact on implementation process and policy outcome.     

China and global internet governance: toward an alternative analytical framework

Drawing on historical methods, this study assesses the conventional “cyber-sovereignty” framework, which has been used to capture and interpret China’s stance toward global Internet governance. This framework focuses on political control and tends to reduce China’s policies to the attempts by an authoritarian state to elevate governments and intergovernmental organizations to be the only legitimate governors of global cyberspace. As it traces the evolution of China’s relationship with the global Internet in the past three decades, the study demonstrates that China’s stance is more complex than the prevalent framework allows and that it is both built upon and different from the US-centric, market-oriented Internet governance scheme. This study recognizes the inadequacy of the conventional framework and invokes a theory of critical political economy of communication, thereby offering an alternative model to explicate the complex power dynamics behind China’s changing strategies. The alternative model advanced in this study is based on the understanding of China’s evolving approach as the product of multifaceted interactions among a group of power-holders that include both state agencies and business units on the transnational level.     

IRENA as a glocal actor: pathways towards energy governmentality

For decades renewable energy has remained a “blind spot” within the sphere of international energy governance. The existing institutional network is highly fragmented, resulting in a myriad of international organizations, which all claim to deal with energy issues, yet do not focus on renewables on a global scale. Since 2009, IRENA, the International Renewable Energy Agency, seeks to fill up this vacuum, thereby creating a new (and maybe more Southern-led) political arena for governing renewable energy issues. This article focuses on IRENA’s role as a changemaker in the sphere of global energy governance by investigating IRENA’s governance practices and contributions to knowledge production.     

The Global Politics of Forced Labour

This article examines the politics of governing forced labour. It develops and applies an approach drawing on Marx’s conception of the historical formation of ‘free’ labour in the process of ‘primitive accumulation’ and Gramsci’s conception of the ‘relations of force’. Viewed through this lens, rather than representing discrete ontological categories, the boundary between ‘free’ and ‘forced’ labour is repositioned as largely a contested and ambivalent artefact of governance. The concept of the ‘political relations of force’ highlights the ways in which such constructions are shaped by complex intersections between a diversity of different social forces. This approach is subsequently applied in an analysis of an International Labour Organization project on dealing with ‘traditional slavery’ in Niger.